{"id":5242,"date":"2023-11-08T07:52:59","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T07:52:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jammubulletin.com\/site\/?p=5242"},"modified":"2023-11-08T07:52:59","modified_gmt":"2023-11-08T07:52:59","slug":"air-quality-in-delhi-severe-again-farm-fires-major-contributor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jammubulletin.com\/site\/air-quality-in-delhi-severe-again-farm-fires-major-contributor\/","title":{"rendered":"Air Quality In Delhi Severe Again; Farm Fires Major Contributor"},"content":{"rendered":"

New Delhi, Nov 8: On\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Wednesday\u00a0<\/span>morning,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>air\u00a0<\/span><\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>its\u00a0<\/span>surrounding\u00a0<\/span>areas\u00a0<\/span><\/span>fell\u00a0<\/span><\/span>into\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>bad\u00a0<\/span><\/span>category\u00a0<\/span><\/span>once\u00a0<\/span>more.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>One-third\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>national\u00a0<\/span>capital\u00a0<\/span><\/span>is\u00a0<\/span>caused\u00a0<\/span><\/span>by\u00a0<\/span><\/span>smoke\u00a0<\/span><\/span>from\u00a0<\/span><\/span>burning\u00a0<\/span><\/span>post-harvest\u00a0<\/span><\/span>paddy\u00a0<\/span>straw\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>adjacent\u00a0<\/span><\/span>states.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>The\u00a0<\/span>city’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Air\u00a0<\/span>Quality\u00a0<\/span>Index\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(AQI)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span><\/span>421\u00a0<\/span><\/span>at\u00a0<\/span><\/span>4\u00a0<\/span>p.m.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Tuesday,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>down\u00a0<\/span>from\u00a0<\/span><\/span>395\u00a0<\/span><\/span>at\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>time.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>The\u00a0<\/span>amount\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>PM2.5,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>type\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>small\u00a0<\/span><\/span>particulate\u00a0<\/span>matter\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>may\u00a0<\/span>enter\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>respiratory\u00a0<\/span>system\u00a0<\/span><\/span>deeply\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cause\u00a0<\/span><\/span>health\u00a0<\/span>issues,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span><\/span>seven\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>eight\u00a0<\/span>times\u00a0<\/span><\/span>higher\u00a0<\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>capital\u00a0<\/span><\/span>than\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>government-mandated\u00a0<\/span><\/span>safe\u00a0<\/span><\/span>level\u00a0<\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>60\u00a0<\/span>micrograms\u00a0<\/span><\/span>per\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cubic\u00a0<\/span>metre,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>even\u00a0<\/span>with\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>little\u00a0<\/span><\/span>decline.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>It\u00a0<\/span>was\u00a0<\/span><\/span>30\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>40\u00a0<\/span>times\u00a0<\/span><\/span>higher\u00a0<\/span>than\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>World\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Health\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Organization’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(WHO)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>recommended\u00a0<\/span><\/span>safe\u00a0<\/span><\/span>threshold\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>15\u00a0<\/span>micrograms\u00a0<\/span><\/span>per\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cubic\u00a0<\/span>metre.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hazardous\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span>observed\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>number\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cities\u00a0<\/span><\/span>along\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Indo-Gangetic\u00a0<\/span><\/span>plains.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hazardous\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span>also\u00a0<\/span>observed\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>nearby\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Ghaziabad\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(382),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Gurugram\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(370),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Noida\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(348),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Greater\u00a0<\/span>Noida\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(474),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Faridabad\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(396).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>The\u00a0<\/span>Decision\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Support\u00a0<\/span><\/span>System,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>numerical\u00a0<\/span><\/span>model-based\u00a0<\/span><\/span>system\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>can\u00a0<\/span>identify\u00a0<\/span><\/span>sources\u00a0<\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>particulate\u00a0<\/span>matter\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>provided\u00a0<\/span>data\u00a0<\/span><\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Tuesday\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>showed\u00a0<\/span><\/span>stubble\u00a0<\/span>burning\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>neighbouring\u00a0<\/span>states,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>particularly\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Punjab\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>Haryana,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span>responsible\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>37%\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>city’s\u00a0<\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>pollution.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>On\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Wednesday,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>it’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>most\u00a0<\/span>likely\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>be\u00a0<\/span><\/span>33\u00a0<\/span>percent.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>following\u00a0<\/span><\/span>four\u00a0<\/span>years,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span>government\u00a0<\/span><\/span>said\u00a0<\/span><\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Monday\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>it\u00a0<\/span><\/span>would\u00a0<\/span>bring\u00a0<\/span><\/span>back\u00a0<\/span><\/span>its\u00a0<\/span>popular\u00a0<\/span><\/span>odd-even\u00a0<\/span><\/span>plan\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>anticipation\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>significant\u00a0<\/span>declines\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>following\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Diwali.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Between\u00a0<\/span><\/span>November\u00a0<\/span>13\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>November\u00a0<\/span>20,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>odd-even\u00a0<\/span><\/span>program\u2014which\u00a0<\/span><\/span>permits\u00a0<\/span><\/span>automobiles\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>run\u00a0<\/span><\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>different\u00a0<\/span>days\u00a0<\/span><\/span>depending\u00a0<\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>whether\u00a0<\/span><\/span>their\u00a0<\/span>number\u00a0<\/span><\/span>plates\u00a0<\/span><\/span>are\u00a0<\/span><\/span>odd\u00a0<\/span><\/span>or\u00a0<\/span><\/span>even\u2014will\u00a0<\/span><\/span>be\u00a0<\/span>put\u00a0<\/span><\/span>into\u00a0<\/span><\/span>effect.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Evidence\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Policy\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Design\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>Energy\u00a0<\/span>Policy\u00a0<\/span>Institute\u00a0<\/span><\/span>at\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>University\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Chicago\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(EPIC)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>conducted\u00a0<\/span><\/span>an\u00a0<\/span>analysis\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>odd-even\u00a0<\/span><\/span>system’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>effects\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>2016\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>discovered\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span><\/span>had\u00a0<\/span>a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>14\u201316%\u00a0<\/span><\/span>decrease\u00a0<\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>PM2.5\u00a0<\/span>levels\u00a0<\/span><\/span>during\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>system’s\u00a0<\/span>implementation\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>January\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>year.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>When\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>programme\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was\u00a0<\/span>reinstated\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>April\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>year,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>there\u00a0<\/span><\/span>was,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>however,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>no\u00a0<\/span>decrease\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>In\u00a0<\/span>addition,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>administration\u00a0<\/span><\/span>decided\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>postpone\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in-person\u00a0<\/span>classes\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>all\u00a0<\/span>schools\u00a0<\/span><\/span>until\u00a0<\/span><\/span>November\u00a0<\/span>10\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>order\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>safeguard\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>health\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pupils,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>with\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>exception\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>those\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>grades\u00a0<\/span><\/span>X\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>XII\u00a0<\/span><\/span>who\u00a0<\/span><\/span>are\u00a0<\/span>studying\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>board\u00a0<\/span>exams.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>The\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi-NCR\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Air\u00a0<\/span>Quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Early\u00a0<\/span>Warning\u00a0<\/span>System\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>Ministry\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Earth\u00a0<\/span>Sciences\u00a0<\/span><\/span>predicts\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>area\u00a0<\/span><\/span>would\u00a0<\/span>likely\u00a0<\/span><\/span>endure\u00a0<\/span><\/span>poor\u00a0<\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>further\u00a0<\/span><\/span>five\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>six\u00a0<\/span>days.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>According\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span><\/span>doctors,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>inhaling\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>contaminated\u00a0<\/span>air\u00a0<\/span><\/span>has\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>same\u00a0<\/span><\/span>negative\u00a0<\/span>effects\u00a0<\/span><\/span>as\u00a0<\/span><\/span>smoking\u00a0<\/span><\/span>around\u00a0<\/span>ten\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cigarettes\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>day.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>According\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Rajesh\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Chawla,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>senior\u00a0<\/span>consultant\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pulmonology\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>critical\u00a0<\/span>care\u00a0<\/span><\/span>at\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Indraprastha\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Apollo\u00a0<\/span>Hospital,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>prolonged\u00a0<\/span>exposure\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>high\u00a0<\/span><\/span>levels\u00a0<\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>can\u00a0<\/span>cause\u00a0<\/span>or\u00a0<\/span>exacerbate\u00a0<\/span><\/span>respiratory\u00a0<\/span>conditions\u00a0<\/span><\/span>like\u00a0<\/span><\/span>asthma,\u00a0<\/span>bronchitis,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>chronic\u00a0<\/span>obstructive\u00a0<\/span>pulmonary\u00a0<\/span>disease\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(COPD),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>as\u00a0<\/span>well\u00a0<\/span>as\u00a0<\/span><\/span>significantly\u00a0<\/span>increase\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>risk\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cardiovascular\u00a0<\/span>disease.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>In\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span><\/span>as\u00a0<\/span>well,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>tough\u00a0<\/span><\/span>regulations\u00a0<\/span><\/span>imposed\u00a0<\/span><\/span>by\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Central\u00a0<\/span><\/span>government’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Graded\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Response\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Action\u00a0<\/span>Plan\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(GRAP),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>last\u00a0<\/span><\/span>phase\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>its\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>management\u00a0<\/span>plan\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi-NCR,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>have\u00a0<\/span>gone\u00a0<\/span><\/span>into\u00a0<\/span><\/span>effect.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>The\u00a0<\/span>implementation\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>stage\u00a0<\/span>IV\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>GRAP’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>limitations,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>which\u00a0<\/span>include\u00a0<\/span><\/span>prohibiting\u00a0<\/span><\/span>all\u00a0<\/span>forms\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>development\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>admission\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>trucks\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>cause\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>into\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>capital,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>began\u00a0<\/span><\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Sunday\u00a0<\/span><\/span>following\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>decline\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span>the\u00a0<\/span><\/span>capital’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>severe\u00a0<\/span><\/span>plus\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(AQI\u00a0<\/span><\/span>levels\u00a0<\/span><\/span>exceeding\u00a0<\/span><\/span>450).<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Four\u00a0<\/span>steps\u00a0<\/span><\/span>are\u00a0<\/span>used\u00a0<\/span><\/span>by\u00a0<\/span><\/span>GRAP\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>classify\u00a0<\/span><\/span>actions:<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>AQI\u00a0<\/span><\/span>201-300\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Stage\u00a0<\/span><\/span>I,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>301-400\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Stage\u00a0<\/span>II,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>401-450\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Stage\u00a0<\/span>III,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>AQI\u00a0<\/span><\/span>above\u00a0<\/span><\/span>450\u00a0<\/span><\/span>for\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Stage\u00a0<\/span><\/span>IV,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>which\u00a0<\/span>is\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Severe\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Plus.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Year-round,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>unfavourable\u00a0<\/span><\/span>weather\u00a0<\/span>patterns,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>car\u00a0<\/span>emissions,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>burning\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>paddy\u00a0<\/span>straw,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>firecrackers,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>other\u00a0<\/span><\/span>local\u00a0<\/span>sources\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>lead\u00a0<\/span>to\u00a0<\/span><\/span>dangerously\u00a0<\/span><\/span>high\u00a0<\/span>levels\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi-NCR\u00a0<\/span><\/span>during\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>winter.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Based\u00a0<\/span>on\u00a0<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>research\u00a0<\/span><\/span>conducted\u00a0<\/span>by\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span>Pollution\u00a0<\/span>Control\u00a0<\/span>Committee\u00a0<\/span><\/span>(DPCC),\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>city\u00a0<\/span><\/span>suffers\u00a0<\/span><\/span>its\u00a0<\/span>highest\u00a0<\/span>levels\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>between\u00a0<\/span><\/span>November\u00a0<\/span>1\u00a0<\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>November\u00a0<\/span><\/span>15,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>coinciding\u00a0<\/span><\/span>with\u00a0<\/span><\/span>an\u00a0<\/span>increase\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>number\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>stubble-burning\u00a0<\/span><\/span>occurrences\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Punjab\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Haryana.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Over\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>past\u00a0<\/span><\/span>two\u00a0<\/span>weeks,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi-NCR’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality\u00a0<\/span><\/span>has\u00a0<\/span>gotten\u00a0<\/span><\/span>worse\u00a0<\/span><\/span>because\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>steady\u00a0<\/span><\/span>drop\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>temperature,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>calm\u00a0<\/span><\/span>breezes\u00a0<\/span><\/span>that\u00a0<\/span>trap\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pollution,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>an\u00a0<\/span>increase\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>burning\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>post-harvest\u00a0<\/span><\/span>paddy\u00a0<\/span>straw\u00a0<\/span><\/span>throughout\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Punjab\u00a0<\/span><\/span>and\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Haryana.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>Of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>all\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>capital\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cities\u00a0<\/span><\/span>in\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>world,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi\u00a0<\/span><\/span>has\u00a0<\/span>some\u00a0<\/span><\/span>of\u00a0<\/span><\/span>the\u00a0<\/span>worst\u00a0<\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>quality.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>According\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to\u00a0<\/span>an\u00a0<\/span><\/span>August\u00a0<\/span><\/span>EPIC\u00a0<\/span><\/span>research,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Delhi’s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>air\u00a0<\/span>pollution\u00a0<\/span><\/span>is\u00a0<\/span>reducing\u00a0<\/span><\/span>life\u00a0<\/span>expectancy\u00a0<\/span><\/span>by\u00a0<\/span><\/span>over\u00a0<\/span>12\u00a0<\/span>years.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Air
Air Quality In Delhi Severe Again; Farm Fires Major Contributor<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

New Delhi, Nov 8: On\u00a0Wednesday\u00a0morning,\u00a0the\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0in\u00a0Delhi\u00a0and\u00a0its\u00a0surrounding\u00a0areas\u00a0fell\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0bad\u00a0category\u00a0once\u00a0more.\u00a0One-third\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0air\u00a0pollution\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0national\u00a0capital\u00a0is\u00a0caused\u00a0by\u00a0smoke\u00a0from\u00a0burning\u00a0post-harvest\u00a0paddy\u00a0straw\u00a0in\u00a0adjacent\u00a0states. The\u00a0city’s\u00a0Air\u00a0Quality\u00a0Index\u00a0(AQI)\u00a0was\u00a0421\u00a0at\u00a04\u00a0p.m.\u00a0on\u00a0Tuesday,\u00a0down\u00a0from\u00a0395\u00a0at\u00a0that\u00a0time.The\u00a0amount\u00a0of\u00a0PM2.5,\u00a0a\u00a0type\u00a0of\u00a0small\u00a0particulate\u00a0matter\u00a0that\u00a0may\u00a0enter\u00a0the\u00a0respiratory\u00a0system\u00a0deeply\u00a0and\u00a0cause\u00a0health\u00a0issues,\u00a0was\u00a0seven\u00a0to\u00a0eight\u00a0times\u00a0higher\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0capital\u00a0than\u00a0the\u00a0government-mandated\u00a0safe\u00a0level\u00a0of\u00a060\u00a0micrograms\u00a0per\u00a0cubic\u00a0metre,\u00a0even\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0little\u00a0decline. It\u00a0was\u00a030\u00a0to\u00a040\u00a0times\u00a0higher\u00a0than\u00a0the\u00a0World\u00a0Health\u00a0Organization’s\u00a0(WHO)\u00a0recommended\u00a0safe\u00a0threshold\u00a0of\u00a015\u00a0micrograms\u00a0per\u00a0cubic\u00a0metre. Hazardous\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0was\u00a0observed\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0number\u00a0of\u00a0cities\u00a0along\u00a0the\u00a0Indo-Gangetic\u00a0plains. Hazardous\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0was\u00a0also\u00a0observed\u00a0in\u00a0nearby\u00a0Ghaziabad\u00a0(382),\u00a0Gurugram\u00a0(370),\u00a0Noida\u00a0(348),\u00a0Greater\u00a0Noida\u00a0(474),\u00a0and\u00a0Faridabad\u00a0(396).The\u00a0Decision\u00a0Support\u00a0System,\u00a0a\u00a0numerical\u00a0model-based\u00a0system\u00a0that\u00a0can\u00a0identify\u00a0sources\u00a0of\u00a0particulate\u00a0matter\u00a0pollution\u00a0in\u00a0Delhi,\u00a0provided\u00a0data\u00a0on\u00a0Tuesday\u00a0that\u00a0showed\u00a0stubble\u00a0burning\u00a0in\u00a0neighbouring\u00a0states,\u00a0particularly\u00a0Punjab\u00a0and\u00a0Haryana,\u00a0was\u00a0responsible\u00a0for\u00a037%\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0city’s\u00a0air\u00a0pollution. On\u00a0Wednesday,\u00a0it’s\u00a0most\u00a0likely\u00a0to\u00a0be\u00a033\u00a0percent. following\u00a0four\u00a0years,\u00a0the\u00a0Delhi\u00a0government\u00a0said\u00a0on\u00a0Monday\u00a0that\u00a0it\u00a0would\u00a0bring\u00a0back\u00a0its\u00a0popular\u00a0odd-even\u00a0plan\u00a0in\u00a0anticipation\u00a0of\u00a0significant\u00a0declines\u00a0in\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0following\u00a0Diwali.Between\u00a0November\u00a013\u00a0and\u00a0November\u00a020,\u00a0the\u00a0odd-even\u00a0program\u2014which\u00a0permits\u00a0automobiles\u00a0to\u00a0run\u00a0on\u00a0different\u00a0days\u00a0depending\u00a0on\u00a0whether\u00a0their\u00a0number\u00a0plates\u00a0are\u00a0odd\u00a0or\u00a0even\u2014will\u00a0be\u00a0put\u00a0into\u00a0effect. Evidence\u00a0for\u00a0Policy\u00a0Design\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0Energy\u00a0Policy\u00a0Institute\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0University\u00a0of\u00a0Chicago\u00a0(EPIC)\u00a0conducted\u00a0an\u00a0analysis\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0odd-even\u00a0system’s\u00a0effects\u00a0in\u00a02016\u00a0and\u00a0discovered\u00a0that\u00a0Delhi\u00a0had\u00a0a\u00a014\u201316%\u00a0decrease\u00a0in\u00a0PM2.5\u00a0levels\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a0system’s\u00a0implementation\u00a0in\u00a0January\u00a0of\u00a0that\u00a0year. When\u00a0the\u00a0programme\u00a0was\u00a0reinstated\u00a0in\u00a0April\u00a0of\u00a0that\u00a0year,\u00a0there\u00a0was,\u00a0however,\u00a0no\u00a0decrease\u00a0in\u00a0pollution.In\u00a0addition,\u00a0the\u00a0administration\u00a0decided\u00a0to\u00a0postpone\u00a0in-person\u00a0classes\u00a0in\u00a0all\u00a0schools\u00a0until\u00a0November\u00a010\u00a0in\u00a0order\u00a0to\u00a0safeguard\u00a0the\u00a0health\u00a0of\u00a0pupils,\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0exception\u00a0of\u00a0those\u00a0in\u00a0grades\u00a0X\u00a0and\u00a0XII\u00a0who\u00a0are\u00a0studying\u00a0for\u00a0board\u00a0exams. The\u00a0Delhi-NCR\u00a0Air\u00a0Quality\u00a0Early\u00a0Warning\u00a0System\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Ministry\u00a0of\u00a0Earth\u00a0Sciences\u00a0predicts\u00a0that\u00a0the\u00a0area\u00a0would\u00a0likely\u00a0endure\u00a0poor\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0further\u00a0five\u00a0to\u00a0six\u00a0days. According\u00a0to\u00a0doctors,\u00a0inhaling\u00a0Delhi’s\u00a0contaminated\u00a0air\u00a0has\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0negative\u00a0effects\u00a0as\u00a0smoking\u00a0around\u00a0ten\u00a0cigarettes\u00a0a\u00a0day. According\u00a0to\u00a0Rajesh\u00a0Chawla,\u00a0senior\u00a0consultant\u00a0in\u00a0pulmonology\u00a0and\u00a0critical\u00a0care\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0Indraprastha\u00a0Apollo\u00a0Hospital,\u00a0prolonged\u00a0exposure\u00a0to\u00a0high\u00a0levels\u00a0of\u00a0pollution\u00a0can\u00a0cause\u00a0or\u00a0exacerbate\u00a0respiratory\u00a0conditions\u00a0like\u00a0asthma,\u00a0bronchitis,\u00a0and\u00a0chronic\u00a0obstructive\u00a0pulmonary\u00a0disease\u00a0(COPD),\u00a0as\u00a0well\u00a0as\u00a0significantly\u00a0increase\u00a0the\u00a0risk\u00a0of\u00a0cardiovascular\u00a0disease. In\u00a0Delhi\u00a0as\u00a0well,\u00a0tough\u00a0regulations\u00a0imposed\u00a0by\u00a0the\u00a0Central\u00a0government’s\u00a0Graded\u00a0Response\u00a0Action\u00a0Plan\u00a0(GRAP),\u00a0the\u00a0last\u00a0phase\u00a0of\u00a0its\u00a0air\u00a0pollution\u00a0management\u00a0plan\u00a0for\u00a0Delhi-NCR,\u00a0have\u00a0gone\u00a0into\u00a0effect.The\u00a0implementation\u00a0of\u00a0stage\u00a0IV\u00a0of\u00a0GRAP’s\u00a0limitations,\u00a0which\u00a0include\u00a0prohibiting\u00a0all\u00a0forms\u00a0of\u00a0development\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0admission\u00a0of\u00a0trucks\u00a0that\u00a0cause\u00a0pollution\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0capital,\u00a0began\u00a0on\u00a0Sunday\u00a0following\u00a0a\u00a0decline\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0capital’s\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0to\u00a0severe\u00a0plus\u00a0(AQI\u00a0levels\u00a0exceeding\u00a0450). Four\u00a0steps\u00a0are\u00a0used\u00a0by\u00a0GRAP\u00a0to\u00a0classify\u00a0actions: AQI\u00a0201-300\u00a0for\u00a0Stage\u00a0I,\u00a0301-400\u00a0for\u00a0Stage\u00a0II,\u00a0401-450\u00a0for\u00a0Stage\u00a0III,\u00a0and\u00a0AQI\u00a0above\u00a0450\u00a0for\u00a0Stage\u00a0IV,\u00a0which\u00a0is\u00a0Severe\u00a0Plus.Year-round,\u00a0unfavourable\u00a0weather\u00a0patterns,\u00a0car\u00a0emissions,\u00a0burning\u00a0of\u00a0paddy\u00a0straw,\u00a0firecrackers,\u00a0and\u00a0other\u00a0local\u00a0sources\u00a0of\u00a0pollution\u00a0lead\u00a0to\u00a0dangerously\u00a0high\u00a0levels\u00a0of\u00a0air\u00a0pollution\u00a0in\u00a0Delhi-NCR\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a0winter. Based\u00a0on\u00a0a\u00a0research\u00a0conducted\u00a0by\u00a0the\u00a0Delhi\u00a0Pollution\u00a0Control\u00a0Committee\u00a0(DPCC),\u00a0the\u00a0city\u00a0suffers\u00a0its\u00a0highest\u00a0levels\u00a0of\u00a0pollution\u00a0between\u00a0November\u00a01\u00a0and\u00a0November\u00a015,\u00a0coinciding\u00a0with\u00a0an\u00a0increase\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0number\u00a0of\u00a0stubble-burning\u00a0occurrences\u00a0in\u00a0Punjab\u00a0and\u00a0Haryana. Over\u00a0the\u00a0past\u00a0two\u00a0weeks,\u00a0Delhi-NCR’s\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0has\u00a0gotten\u00a0worse\u00a0because\u00a0to\u00a0a\u00a0steady\u00a0drop\u00a0in\u00a0temperature,\u00a0calm\u00a0breezes\u00a0that\u00a0trap\u00a0pollution,\u00a0and\u00a0an\u00a0increase\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0burning\u00a0of\u00a0post-harvest\u00a0paddy\u00a0straw\u00a0throughout\u00a0Punjab\u00a0and\u00a0Haryana. Of\u00a0all\u00a0the\u00a0capital\u00a0cities\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0world,\u00a0Delhi\u00a0has\u00a0some\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0worst\u00a0air\u00a0quality. According\u00a0to\u00a0an\u00a0August\u00a0EPIC\u00a0research,\u00a0Delhi’s\u00a0air\u00a0pollution\u00a0is\u00a0reducing\u00a0life\u00a0expectancy\u00a0by\u00a0over\u00a012\u00a0years.      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5243,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,67,15,89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-breaking-news","category-header","category-jammu-and-kashmir","category-national"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"\nAir Quality In Delhi Severe Again; Farm Fires Major Contributor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"On\u00a0Wednesday\u00a0morning,\u00a0the\u00a0air\u00a0quality\u00a0in\u00a0Delhi\u00a0and\u00a0its\u00a0surrounding\u00a0areas\u00a0fell\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0bad\u00a0category\u00a0once\u00a0more\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jammubulletin.com\/site\/air-quality-in-delhi-severe-again-farm-fires-major-contributor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Air Quality In Delhi Severe Again; 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